Journals
Magazine:
MAGAZINE business AND HUMANISM
ISSN:
1139-7608
Year:
2022
Vol:
25
N°:
2
Pp:
75 - 105
This article analyzes the evolution of ideological polarization in the Spanish party system since 1979. A reformulation of Dalton's index to measure polarization in Spain is proposed and applied to the 14 general elections held since the approval of the Constitution. The results indicate an evolution with two distinct periods of seven elections each and a clear increase in ideological polarization since 2015, reaching a historical maximum at present. The measurement of ideological polarization is complemented by volatility and electoral skill generated by the arrival of new parties. The largest increases in polarization occurred in elections that fit the concept of critical elections, i.e., elections that produce a substantial and lasting change in electoral alignments
Magazine:
OBSERVATORY
ISSN:
1646-5954
Year:
2022
Vol:
16
N°:
1
Pp:
138 - 159
This article analyzes the use of Telegram as an electoral communication tool in Spain, focusing on the messages sent by the five major parties in the country (PSOE, PP, Vox, Unidas Podemos and Ciudadanos) during the campaigns corresponding to the general elections of April 28 and November 10, 2019. A singularity of this study lies in the methodological triangulation, with the combination of two research techniques employed: a traditional content analysis and, in turn, a mining process of data using the Python programming language. In this way, the initial results, which point to a majority use of Telegram as tool of mobilization and approach of candidate to the voter, are reinforced and contextualized thanks to the implementation of Big Data analysis techniques that allow to deepen in an agile and precise way in the deductions of the study.
Magazine:
COMMUNICATION TODAY
ISSN:
1338-130X
Year:
2022
Vol:
13
N°:
1
Pp:
60 - 73
The purpose of the study is to examine and compare digital users' motivations for news exposure in three European countries (Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom) belonging to each of Hallin and Mancini's average systems. For this research, a cross-national online survey (2020) of over 2,000 people in each country was used. The users' assessment of the preferences for getting news (from sources that share, challenge or do not have a particular point of view) was analyzed, as well as the influence of partner-demographic factors and interest in politics on those motivations. Our results show that a majority of digital users prefer unbiased news. With respect to the partner-demographic variables, a clear pattern can be discerned in the age variable, whereby the older they are, the greater the declared preference for unbiased news. On the other hand, those who show greater interest in politics do prefer reinforcing news. In terms of national differences, motivations for news exposure vary depending on the country studied. In Spain, in line with its belonging to the pluralist-polarised system, the preference for reinforcing news is higher than in Germany and in the United Kingdom.
Magazine:
average AND COMMUNICATION
ISSN:
2183-2439
Year:
2021
Vol:
9
N°:
1
Pp:
323 - 337
This article explores audience perceptions of different types of disinformation, and the actions that users take to combat them, in three Spanish-speaking countries: Argentina, Chile, and Spain. Quantitative data from the Digital News Report (2018 and 2019), based on a survey of more than 2000 digital users from each country was used for the analysis. Results show remarkable similarities among the three countries, and how digital users identically ranked the types of problematic information that concerned them most. Survey participants were most concerned by stories where facts are spun or twisted to push a particular diary, followed by, those that are completely made up for political or commercial reasons, and finally, they were least concerned by poor journalism (factual mistakes, dumbed-down stories, misleading headlines/clickbait). A general index of Concern about disinformation¿ was constructed using several sociodemographic variables that might influence the perception. It showed that the phenomenon is higher among women, older users, those particularly interested in political news, and among left-wingers. Several measures are employed by users to avoid disinformation, such as checking a number of different sources to see whether a news story is reported in the same way, relying on the reputation of the news company, and/or deciding not to share a news story due to doubts regarding its accuracy.
Magazine:
MEDITERRANEA DE COMUNICACION MAGAZINE
ISSN:
1989-872X
Year:
2020
Vol:
11
N°:
1
Pp:
245 - 260
This paper seeks to present the state of the art of research on political communication regarding social average from 2008 to 2018. To this end, 357 articles published in four academic Communication journals of the first quartile of the Journal Citation Reports (JCR-WoS) were analysed. In search of clarity, the paper follows the structure of Woltons triangle and explains the main effects that social average have over politicians, average and citizens. In general, the results show that current research is empirical and rarely focuses on comparative approaches. In addition, it puts emphasis on new technologies, placing them at the very core of the academic discussion.
Magazine:
JOURNAL OF IBERIAN AND LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES
ISSN:
1326-0219
Year:
2020
Vol:
26
N°:
3
Pp:
389 - 406
There is a new pattern of consumption of political information that has been generating great challenges for electoral campaigning and democracy. Using the spiral of silence theory, this paper compares the willingness to express political opinions of digital users in four Iberoamerican countries (Argentina, Chile, Spain and Mexico). The paper explores patterns on digital users silencing their political opinions as well as the relationship between unwillingness to express their opinions with ideological self-position. The research shows that the users that place themselves at the ideological extremes are those who are less concerned about expressing their true political opinions openly on the Internet. This was found both in fears of the authorities and in fear of social isolation to the same extent. In the four countries studied, men have less willingness to express their political opinions. Fear is greater among young adults (25-34 years), while younger users and those over 45 feel less social pressure.
Magazine:
KOME
ISSN:
2063-7330
Year:
2019
Vol:
7
N°:
1
Pp:
42 - 62
This article compares the patterns of political information between general voters and the most interested audiences (journalists, academics, consultants and political leaders), focusing on the case studies of three critical elections held in 2015: the last general elections from Argentina, Spain, and Venezuela. The method used compared primary data for specialised audiences (also called "political geeks") with secondary data for normal voters, taken from three different external sources. The research found that the habits and sources of political information of specialized audiences during the electoral campaign differ from those of the general voting public. Specialized publics rely more on social networks as source of political information than general voters, however the gap is bigger on Twitter and narrower for Facebook. Voters in general use Facebook and WhatsApp more than specialised audiences do. In addition, there is a shift of the centre of gravity of the campaigns towards the digital world, both in the specialised publics and in the normal electoral population, but digital migration seems to be more accelerated among specialised audiences than among ordinary voters. It was also observed that political information tends to lead to average convergence and a consolidated or "hybrid" communication system. This research also suggests that despite the rapid acceptance of the digital in the information world, it is possible that little journalism, research, or campaigning is being done where the massive audiences really are.
Magazine:
SOCIAL PANORAMA
ISSN:
1699-6852
Year:
2019
N°:
30
Pp:
27 - 39
Taking the theory of diary Setting as a conceptual framework , adapted to the characteristics and dynamics of the Internet, the goal of this article is to present the interrelations between the main actors involved in the shaping of Spanish public opinion: politicians, speech media and citizens. Based on a survey survey of 2,000 digital users, it is concluded that the media diary continues to be perceived as relevant by citizens; although not homogeneously, as there are differences depending on the ideological self-positioning and the level of programs of study of citizens.
Magazine:
DOXA COMUNICACION
ISSN:
1696-019X
Year:
2018
Vol:
27
Pgs:
19 - 42
Today, news consumption is no longer an independent activity, but part of the continuous connection to the digital space. Thus, on social networks, news is often not deliberately sought out, but rather Username encounters it by chance and among other social and entertainment content. The phenomenon of incidental exhibition is an emerging trend in digital consumption, with implications for citizens' understanding of public affairs and political participation. This work offers a comparative analysis of the incidental exhibition to news from digital users in four Spanish-speaking countries, across three platforms: Facebook, Youtube and Twitter. Samples from Argentina (n=2,003), Chile (n=2,005), Spain (n=2,006) and Mexico (n=2,003), surveyed in the Digital News Report 2017, have been employee . The results show that a) Spain is the country with the highest rate of incidental exhibition among users who use social networks for information; b) it is a more frequent trend on Facebook and YouTube than on Twitter; and c) age, ideological orientation and Degree of interest in news influence the incidence of this phenomenon.
Magazine:
COMMUNICATION MAGAZINE
ISSN:
1684-0933
Year:
2017
Vol:
16
N°:
2
Pp:
60 - 87
The patron saint consumption of political information varies from agreement to different audiences, not only in its intensity of use, but also in the different means of speech used to get informed. This article compares the political information patterns of the most interested audiences (journalists, academics, consultants and political leaders) with the political information consumption patterns of voters in general, taking as a case study the Argentinean, Spanish and Venezuelan elections of 2015.
Magazine:
COMMUNICATION AND MAN. INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SCIENCES AND Humanities
ISSN:
1885-365X
Year:
2017
Vol:
13
Pgs:
85 - 102
This article analyses the exhibition to political information (infopolitics) of the actors most directly linked to politics (political office holders, political journalists, academics or professors and political consultants) in critical elections, according to Key's (1955) concept, in Argentina, Spain and Venezuela. The empirical research is based on an online survey conducted in May 2016. A common trend towards digital and integration with traditional media can be detected, but significant differences in infopolitics can also be observed in the three countries analysed.
This article analyses the exposure to political information (infopolitics) for few of the publics that are more interested in politics (politicians, political journalists, political researchers, and political consultants). The study considered three critical elections: Argentina, Spain and Venezuela, following a concept proposed by V.O. key (1955). Empirical research is supported by an online survey conducted in May 2016. There is a common trend to increase the use of digital sources, and integrate them with traditional average. However we also significant differences in Infopolitics for the three countries analysed.
Magazine:
MEDIJSKE STUDIJE
ISSN:
1847-9758
Year:
2016
Vol:
7
N°:
14
Pp:
48 - 64
Citizens' disaffection with political institutions has resulted in an ever more pronounced distancing between the represented and their representative democratic institutions, with a commensurate increase in citizens' initiatives aimed at obtaining a higher degree of participation in public life. The imbalance experienced by representative democracy in this respect accounts for the need to improve the way in which institutions communicate. This study aims to assess local communication in the regions of Murcia and Navarre by analysing the level of transparency of their institutional websites. The 41 indicators that underpin Mapa Infoparticip@ (www.mapainfoparticipa.com) in Spain are used to see what similarities and differences can be identified when applying the criteria of transparency and participation in these two single-province Autonomous Communities. The findings show a deficit in implementing norms of transparency. This fact affects the role these institutions play as sources of public information and citizen participation, and it appears in a clearer way in municipalities with a smaller population.
Magazine:
TRIPODOS
ISSN:
1138-3305
Year:
2014
Vol:
34
Pgs.:
61 - 80
Magazine:
MAGAZINE business AND HUMANISM
ISSN:
1139-7608
Year:
2014
Vol:
XVII
N°:
1
Pp:
7 - 22
Magazine:
OBSERVATORY
ISSN:
1646-5954
Year:
2012
Vol:
6
N°:
2
Pp:
109 - 126
Framing theory currently occupies one of the most prominent places in research at speech (Weaver, 2007), and especially in the political speech (Sádaba, Rodríguez-Virgili & La Porte, 2008). However, framing has been consolidated as the most relevant theoretical framework without yet reaching the corresponding conceptual and methodological clarification (Vliegenthart & van Zoonen, 2011). The theory of framing does not have a clear definition shared by all researchers and many programs of study speak of framing in terms of different concepts. As Robert Entman anticipated, it is a fractured paradigm (Entman, 1993). The present work proposes a systematisation of the lines of research in which framing can contribute to the study of political speech : objectivist, constructivist, cultural, narrative, methodological, professional, strategic and symbolic. Through this proposal, the aim is to delimit the fields in which framing can help the research and internship of the political speech , as well as to recover some avenues of development of the theory that have not yet been sufficiently explored with the aim of advancing in the comprehensive understanding of the term goal .
Magazine:
programs of study ABOUT THE JOURNALISTIC MESSAGE
ISSN:
1134-1629
Year:
2012
Vol:
18
N°:
2
Pp:
439 - 457
Magazine:
COMUNICACION Y SOCIEDAD (UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA)
ISSN:
0214-0039
Year:
2011
Vol:
XXIV
N°:
2
Pp:
7 - 39
Politicians' reputations have declined in many countries, and in Spain they have become the third most important problem according to citizens. The influence of the media speech on this decline has sparked an interesting debate discussion. Some authors attribute to the media the main responsibility for the discrediting; while others deny the direct negative influence of the average. This article, based on its own survey in Navarra (Spain), investigates the relationship between public perception of politicians, political parties and politics, and the level of media use. The analysis of data leads to the conclusion that more intense media use is associated with less negative and more moderate perceptions of politicians, parties and politics.
Magazine:
MOTS: LES LANGAGES DU POLITIQUE
ISSN:
0243-6450
Year:
2011
N°:
95
Págs:
99 - 108
Marketing has direct applications in electoral campaigns, as shown by the use of high brand-value acronyms. In Spain, the most representative case is provided by the campaign of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero in the 2004 general elections, which was based on the use of the acronym ZP, which constituted a risky pari passu and a communicative innovation.
Magazine:
Cuadernos de Informacion y Comunicacion
ISSN:
1135-7991
Year:
2010
Vol:
15
Pp:
37 - 54
The speech Political development has experienced a great deal in recent years both in professional practice and in academic work. In general, researchers have focused on electoral campaigns, the strategic speech of institutions, the media speech or the effects on voters. However, fiction appears today as a new space where politicians, citizens and the media speech can interact with other patterns and mechanisms. From an academic point of view, there is a scarcity of systematic programs of study of this genre and its relationship with speech Politics. This article tries to open a line of programs of study in that direction, highlighting the possibilities for speech Politics, which include the theory of speech Politics, the theory of effects, current trends and the connection between reality and fiction.
Magazine:
Nuestro Tiempo-monthly magazine on current issues.
ISSN:
0029-5795
Year:
2010
N°:
663
Pages:
40 - 49
Revolutions almost always involve violence, but the United Kingdom seems ready to face its own in a peaceful manner. In a country so often mortgaged by the two-party system, and after a campaign marked by televised debates, a Conservative Prime Minister (David Cameron) and a Liberal Democrat Deputy Prime Minister (Nick Clegg) have set out to transform the political life of the old kingdom.
Book chapters
Book:
The politics of technology in Latin America: digital average, daily life and public engagement
Place of Edition:
New York
publishing house:
Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
Year:
2020
Ppgs:
161 - 178
Up until a few years ago, disinformation used to be synonymous with ¿lack of information,¿ ascribable to citizens¿ low interest in public affairs. However, since 2016 and especially as a result of the US electoral campaign (Allcott & Gentzkow, 2017) and Brexit (Bastos & Mercea, 2019), disinformation also becomes a spoken about factor, above all referring to the deliberate efforts of certain agents to misinform with lies and half-truths, intoxicating and even saturating the citizen, in what have been called ¿disinformation operations.¿ Much of the success of these false news lies in their virality, that is, in their ability to be shared by Internet users throughout different social networks and instant messaging applications. From a broader perspective, disinformation is a modality within what has been called ¿problematic information¿ (Jack, 2017), which includes various types of information that are inaccurate, misleading, improperly attributed, or totally fabricated. Although it is true that these contents are not novel¿-their existence goes back to the origins of modern journalism with the yellow press (Campbell, 2001) and to the use of propaganda in the World Wars (Lasswell, 1927), the existing communicational characteristics in the digital age do promote new ways for problematic information to be created, circulated, and received by users, increasing its potential effects (Freelon & Wells, 2020). In the words of Boczkowski (2017):¿fake news [have] been around for as long as real news. But a differentiating element of the contemporary moment is the existence of an information infrastructure with a scale, scope, and horizontality in information flows unprecedented in ¿
Book:
L'Europe au défi des populismes nationaux: La communication politique centrifuge des élections de 2019.
Place of Edition:
Paris
publishing house:
Éditions L'Harmattan
Year:
2020
Ppgs:
165 - 186
The political communication of the 2019 European elections has been paradoxical. While these were the last elections to take place in the United Kingdom before it left the Union, Brexit played only a marginal role. While participation has increased for the first time in forty years, it is the populist parties that have benefited from it, undermining the long-established culture of compromise. At a time when we were thinking of the disparate media practices, particularly in the North and South, electoral behaviour is characterised by a large commonality of synchronic uses of traditional media and social networks. This work thus highlights the following paradox: while Europe seems to be crossed by powerful centrifugal forces, a European electorate is taking shape.
Book:
Local communication in a global world.
Place of Edition:
Alicante
publishing house:
high school Alicantino de Cultura Juan Gil-Albert
Year:
2016
Págs:
99 - 106
Book:
La communication politique des européennes de 2014: pour ou contre l'Europe?
Place of Edition:
Paris
publishing house:
L'Harmattan
Year:
2016
Ppgs:
113-131
Book:
Political communication in times of crisis
Place of Edition:
Berlin
publishing house:
Logos Verlag Berlin
Year:
2016
Pgs:
101 - 120
Book:
La communication politique des Européennes de 2014: pour ou contre l¿Europe?
Place of Edition:
Paris
publishing house:
L'Harmattan
Year:
2016
Ppgs:
113 - 130
Book:
The professionalization of political communication.
Place of Edition:
Alicante
publishing house:
high school Alicantino de Cultura Juan Gil-Albert
Year:
2015
Págs:
18 - 28
Book:
O Przyjazni
Place of Edition:
Torun
publishing house:
Minos Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikolaja Kopernika
Year:
2015
Págs:
145 - 160
Book:
Great spaces of political communication.
Place of Edition:
Mexico City
publishing house:
Minos Third Millennium
Year:
2014
Ppgs:
9 - 34
Book:
Emerging trends in institutional communication.
Place of Edition:
Barcelona
publishing house:
UOC
Year:
2013
Ppgs:
181 - 205
Public and private institutions are facing new challenges: the prominence of civil society, the crisis of trust and credibility, the demand for transparency and accountability, among others. These circumstances accentuate the need to guarantee an effective and coherent speech with the institutional work. This speech cannot be limited to a mere transmission of information or persuasive stratagems that unbalance the relationship with the public: they demand to be active interlocutors and ask to be able to participate and contribute to decision-making. On the professional internship , institutional decision-makers are asking themselves how to manage the current complexity. In academia, theoretical proposals seem to follow parallel paths, making it difficult to find a consensus or dialogue between authors and related disciplines. Thanks to a perspective multidisciplinary, the book aims to unify and systematise national and international scientific production, highlighting the most relevant concepts, the state of the art and new trends detected in the areas analysed: reputation, credibility, trust, active citizenship, engagement, e-government. With this goal, communication strategies of political and cultural institutions in Spain are analysed, on daily affairs or external projection, evaluating the resource to new practices and technologies.
Book:
Of ethics and politics: concepts, history, institutions.
Place of Edition:
Madrid
publishing house:
Tecnos
Year:
2013
Págs:
295 - 323
Book:
Communication and social life.
Place of Edition:
Pamplona
publishing house:
EUNSA
Year:
2012
Págs:
561- 578
On the occasion of the retirement of Professor Esteban López-Escobar, his colleagues and disciples dedicate this collection of programs of study to him as sample of gratitude, friendship and admiration. This voluminous book, coordinated by Maxwell McCombs and Manuel Martín Algarra, is the classic academic Liber Amicorum. Professor López-Escobar's more than forty years of dedication to the University have resulted in a work characterised by its rigour and solidity, focused on understanding the main subjects in which López-Escobar has excelled as researcher: the theory of speech, public opinion, the theory of diary setting, speech politics and the study of the media and journalism. These fields define the three parts into which the book is divided: ¿Developments in theory and research of speech¿: Public opinion, politics and diary setting¿ and ¿Media, mediators and Public discourse¿.
65 authors from 31 different universities in 12 different countries contribute to this volume. Leading international authors in the study of speech and public opinion, such as John D. Peters, Wolfgang Donsbach, Kelly Kaufhold, Philippe Maarek, Maxwell McCombs, Federico Rey Lennon, Thomas Petersen, David Weaver, Guillermo Velasco and Alberto López-Hermida. And Spanish colleagues such as Carlos Barrera, Rosa Berganza, Teresa La Porte, Marta Martín, Raquel Rodríguez, Jordi Rodríguez-Virgili and Alfonso Sánchez-Tabernero, among others. Without a doubt
Book:
La communication politique européenne sans l'Europe: Les élections au Parlement européen de 2009.
Place of Edition:
Paris
publishing house:
L'Harmatan
Year:
2012
Ppgs:
141-160
Book:
The research in political journalism in the new media environment.
Place of Edition:
Madrid
publishing house:
SEP
Year:
2012
Ppgs:
205 - 224
Political journalism is changing as a result of changes in the profession itself, citizen participation and the emergence of new media on speech. The relations between the three fundamental actors - politicians, journalists and citizens - are changing. This new scenario, in which the old has not yet died and the new has not yet been born, represents an opportunity and a challenge for journalism professionals and academics alike.
The research in political journalism in the new media environment addresses these phenomena that affect our intercommunicated society: the communication difficulties that arise between politicians and citizens, the challenges posed by new technologies, the personalisation and ¿spectacularisation¿ of politics, the new formats and old resources of current political journalism, political infotainment, the presence of conflict in the treatment of political information and the distancing in which citizens may find themselves as a result. Journalism is a social institution, an essential link in a political community, which must guarantee its independence. For this reason, the book does not fail to analyse the ethical core topic of the journalist, centred on a sense of service to the public and a radical commitment to the truth.
Book:
Communication and Terrorism
Place of Edition:
Madrid
publishing house:
Tecnos
Year:
2012
Págs:
172-196
Book:
80 Keys to the future of journalism.
Place of Edition:
Madrid
publishing house:
Anaya Multimedia
Year:
2011
Págs:
198 - 199
Book:
A Renaissance man of the 21st century: homage to Professor Pedro Lozano Bartolozzi.
Place of Edition:
Pamplona
publishing house:
EUNSA
Year:
2010
Págs:
431 - 452
Book:
The golden age of commercial communication: from 1960 to 2000.
Place of Edition:
Seville
publishing house:
Social Communication
Year:
2010
Págs:
133 - 159
The goal of this publication ¿in two volumes and in colour¿ is to provide a joint history of advertising and Public Relations in Spain, from its beginnings to the end of the 20th century. There was no integrated research on the Spanish publishing house scene like the one we present here. This work deals with the history of both disciplines in a unitary way, as it corresponds to the very nature of the phenomenon studied. "We can be sure that, despite what happened in other places, where both activities developed in separate spheres, it did not happen in the same way in Spain: the difficulty of distinguishing between advertising and Public Relations during the first half of the 20th century is patent. When, through research, public relations campaigns are discovered, they turn out to be developed by agencies of advertising or by professionals in that field and, on occasions, they are presented hidden under denominations such as ¿propaganda¿, ¿advertising social¿, ¿advertising educational¿ or ¿advertising of prestige¿". This publication is divided into two parts. The first volume, From nothing to consumption, covers the origins of these disciplines up to 1960. The second, The golden age of commercial speech , covers the period from that date to the year 2000, and is accompanied by a DVD. The research on the history of Public Relations has been complex. The term itself did not arrive in Spain until the 1950s, and even then it was not applied in the United States.
