Society's understanding of palliative care has room for improvement. Although the World Health Organisation highlighted palliative care as a human right, many people still lack access to this crucial form of treatment. The paucity of understanding and social discussion surrounding palliative care has, moreover, negatively impacted its development and implementation. This study therefore aims to construct a strategy that will empower a specific community to solve their own palliative care-related misunderstandings. Using Participatory Action Research and Design Thinking methodologies and adopting the strategy of Public Engagement in Responsible Research and Innovation, a design group worked for three months through five virtual focus groups. Moving through the phases of empathizing, defining, ideation, prototyping, and testing, the design group generated 33 ideas to address palliative care-related problems. Ideas related to self-learning, the use of technology, and the exchange of staff experiences are highlighted as innovative ways to promote palliative care. The design group adopted a variety of strategies, used disruptive tools, and created and tested rapid prototypes to discover novel solutions. This method of working, centred on interdisciplinarity and creativity, presents an efficient way to involve the members of a community in solving their own problems.

This article compares the NBC miniseries The Thing About Pam (2022) with the journalistic podcast on which it is based, with the goal to determine whether fiction runs the risk of misinformation through the characterization of characters inspired by real people. The series is a paradigmatic example of a very recent trend, that of producing fictions based on journalistic works where a recent crime committed by a woman is narrated. After a comparative and interpretative study of the characterization of the protagonist, it is concluded that the series, although it maintains the features explained by the podcast, offers a justification for the character's behavior that has nothing to do with what was found out by journalism. This, together with the fact that both works share a narrator, may lead to the misinformation of the audience about a real story of a crime whose trial has not yet taken place.

Background University students are the future professionals who will influence society. It is thus essential to improve students' understanding of palliative care (PC), especially those in the non-health field, to generate and encourage propitious opinions about PC. This study describes the perceptions of PC among university students from different disciplines. Method Qualitative exploratory study using virtual focus groups (FGs) and design thinking (DT) approach. An intentional sample of students from various disciplines, universities and cities from Spain were selected. Numerous researchers from different fields were involved in the discussion of the final thematic analysis. Results Four themes and seven subthemes were found: i) Students have an ambiguous understanding about PC; ii) PC is not a common issue for non-health students; ii) Students see PC as an important and necessary field; iii) Students build counter-narratives against PC myths, demonstrating PC brings key benefits into people's lives; iv) PC is a synonym of death. Conclusion Despite the fact that students do not know much about PC, the topic easily arouses reflection and positive discussion. Through the conversations they find positive values and arguments against misunderstanding. Students from different disciplines could be the target of innovative educational initia- tives and the social discussion on PC.

Background Lack of social awareness is a major barrier to the development of palliative care. Mass average influences public opinion, and frequently deal with palliative care contributing to its image and public understanding. Aim To analyse how palliative care is portrayed in Spanish newspapers, as well as the contribution made by the press to its social representation. Design Based on criteria of scope and publishing house plurality, four print newspapers were selected. Using the newspaper archive MyNews (www.mynews.es), articles published between 2009 and 2014 containing the words "palliative care" or "palliative medicine" were identified. Sociological discourse analysis was performed on the identified texts on two levels: a) contextual analysis, focusing on the message as a statement; b) interpretative analysis, considering the discourse as a social product. Results We examined 262 articles. Politician and healthcare professionals were the main representatives transmitting messages on palliative care. The discourses identified were characterised by: strong ideological and moral content focusing on social discussion, strong ties linking palliative care and death and, to a lesser degree, as a healthcare service. The messages transmitted by representatives with direct experience in palliative care (professionals, patients and families) contributed the most to building a positive image of this healthcare practice. Overall, average reflect different interests in framing public understanding about palliative care. Conclusion The knowledge generated about how palliative care is reflected in the printed average may help to better understand one of the main barriers to its development not only in Spain, but also in other contexts.

This research concentrates on Teresa Dorn's contributions to the history/ herstory of public relations through the analysis of her first 20 years in the profession, 15 of which were devoted to making Burson-Marsteller a prominent multinational company in Spain and Europe. The study explores the process of how Burson-Marsteller became one of the top consultancies in a country with a newly established democracy through the report of a life history. This methodology leads to a better understanding of when, why, and how the first international consultancy was settled in Spain and succeeded under the guidance of an American female practitioner.

Biography was introduced into journalism in a natural way through the portrait genres. In the 19th century, biography was mainly a didactic content imported from history or literature with hardly any modifications. In the 20th century, it gradually adapted to the needs and peculiarities of the incipient and ever-changing journalistic genres, seeking the topicality of its protagonists or progressively introducing private life and character as biographical content. This article studies the presence, form and content of the portrait genres in a number of publications and a key period in this transformation from the didactic to the journalistic: the graphic magazines Estampa and Crónica, from the beginning of the Second Spanish Republic until the beginning of the Civil War.

Introduction The goal of palliative care (PC) is to improve the quality of life of terminal stage patients and their families. The subject frequently appears in the mass-average and this helps create a socially accepted identity. The aim of this study is to describe and analyse PC related news items appeared in the Spanish written average. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed. Considering diffusion, scope and the range in publishing house policy criteria, four printed newspapers (PN) were selected, together with four exclusively digital average sources (DM). Through Mynews, a newspaper content depository, and the search tool for each DM website, articles published between 2009 and 2014 which included the terms "palliative care" and "palliative medicine" were sought. A questionnaire was created to characterise each article identified and a descriptive analysis was undertaken. Results A total of 627 articles were identified, of which 359 (57%) were published in PN (42% in the printed editions -PE- 16% in their online editions -OE-) and 268 (43%) in DM. In general, they appeared mainly in sections concerning Health (23%), Culture and Society (18%) and General/Home News (15%). In PE, just 2% were found in the Health section and nearly 70% in Culture and Society and General/Home News. Most of the articles were informative in nature and contained partner-political messages (90%). Statements by PC professionals were found in 35% of the articles and by politicians in 32%. The most frequent content was related to facing end of life (74%) and patient quality of life (70%). Conclusions The Spanish written average reflects the partner-political interest aroused by PC. Nevertheless, messages circulating about PC do not describe professional practice, or the contribution of the same for patients. Content more in line with the clinical practice might help contribute to the development of this new area of medicine.

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