1. Which of the following cases do not correspond to passive dispersal mechanisms of invasive species?

a) The increase of the distribution area of a plant species through wind-dispersed seeds.
b) Dispersal of bivalve larvae by water.
c) Dispersal of plant fragments by agricultural machinery, boats or all-terrain vehicles.
d) Migration of some fish between the river and the sea.
e) Dispersal of plant fragments by animals.

→ Ans: The migration of some fish between the river and the sea cannot be considered a passive dispersal mechanism of invasive species.

2. Of the following cases, which correspond to active dispersal mechanisms of invasive species?

a) The increase of the distribution area of a plant species through wind-dispersed seeds.
b) The dispersal of bivalve larvae by water.
c) The increase of the distribution area of birds by individuals that have flown long distances.
d) Dispersal of plant fragments by agricultural machinery, boats or all-terrain vehicles.
e) Dispersal of plant fragments by animals.

Which of the following statements is true?
a) Humans began to transport species between different places on the planet from the 15th century onwards.
b) Most of the world's food production is based on species native to the place where they are grown.
c) None of the above.

→ Answer: none of the first statements is true.

4. The introduction of an exotic fish species to be caught in a reservoir is an introduction that is....
a) ... accidental.
b) ... intentional.
c) ... both of the above are correct.
d) ... none of the above is correct.

→ Ans: The introduction of an exotic fish species to be caught in a reservoir is an intentional introduction.

5. How has world air transport (in weight transported) changed from the 1970s to the present?
a) It has remained more or less constant.
b) It has doubled.
c) It has tripled.
d) It has increased by an order of magnitude (10 times more).

→ Ans: World air transport (in weight carried) from the 1970s to the present has increased by an order of magnitude (10-fold).

6. entrance pathways are...
a) ... the manner in which species are transported through an entrance pathway.
b) ... the pathways used by species between source regions and release localities.
c) ... the mechanisms by which species reach new ecosystems.

→ Ans: entrance pathways are the mechanisms by which species reach new ecosystems.

7. Vectors are...
a) ... the way species are transported through a entrance.
b) ... the pathways used by species between source regions and release localities.
c) ... the mechanisms by which species reach new ecosystems.

→ Ans: Vectors are how species are transported through an entrance pathway.

8. Routes of entrance are...
a) ... the way species are transported through an entrance pathway.
b) ... the pathways used by species between regions of origin and localities of introduction.
c) ... the mechanisms by which species reach new ecosystems.

→ Ans: entrance routes are the pathways used by species between regions of origin and localities of introduction.

9. Indicate whether this statement is true or false: Human action in creating water diversions and canals with locks made it very difficult to create new routes for the invasion of aquatic species.
a) True.
b) False.

→ Answer: It is false, water transfers and canals have favored the creation of new routes for the invasion of aquatic species.

10. Indicate whether this statement is true or false: After using human financial aid to reach new areas, invasive species can simultaneously exhibit progressive local and long-distance dispersal.
a) True.
b) False.

→ Ans: True, invasive species can simultaneously exhibit progressive local and long-distance dispersal, after using human financial aid to reach new areas.