Texts, articles and reviews with the following URL: label: 'intelligence'.
Recent
Recent findings from Paleoanthropology and philosophical implications.
summaryInitial intervention of Professor Jordana who exposes the "status quaestionis" of the most recent paleoanthropological data . Commentary on some philosophical questions by Professor Murillo, and interventions on interpretation of the data and questions of method.
Authors: Rafael Jordana and José Ignacio Murillo.
Ethics for machines: how to teach your robot to behave itself
summary: Intelligent systems will make ethically charged decisions. Can we teach ethics to machines? Artificial intelligence is explained, and how a computational system can modify its behaviour by learning from the environment, or from human beings.
Author: Gonzalo Génova.
summary: Philosophical reflection on some fundamental dimensions of creativity: it concludes that there are no compelling reasons to differentiate between scientific and artistic creativity and examines the possibility of creativity through artificial intelligence.
Author: Carlos Blanco
Can philosophy be a natural science? On the project naturalisation of reason
summaryNaturalised epistemology is currently widespread: project substitutes Philosophy for the natural sciences. It claims that we humans have a single reason that works well in the natural sciences. The rest of the sciences must be a continuum with them. Is it possible to fulfil this goal?
Author: Enrique Moros
Aquinas on Intelligent Extra-Terrestrial Life
summaryAquinas took an interest in the question of whether there were intelligent material beings other than humans in the universe, both as a philosopher and as a theologian. As a philosopher he sought to understand the order of the universe and this entails ascertaining what beings are in the universe. As a theologian he sought knowledge of created beings insofar as it leads to a greater understanding, admiration, and love of the creator, and also insofar as it frees one from superstitious beliefs which pose an obstacle to faith in God. Although Aquinas was unable to approach the question of the existence of intelligent extra-terrestrial life from the scientific perspective of our day, he does raise some generally overlooked philosophical questions regarding the status of such beings. His theological reflections are helpful for addressing the frequently voiced claim that the discovery of intelligent extraterrestrial life would spell the end of Christianity. Aquinas's position is that it is possible that ETs of a certain sort exist, but improbable that they do. I will begin by considering Aquinas's philosophical positions on the possibility of ET life, and then will take up his theological views thereon, closing with his arguments regarding the probability of ET life.
Author: Marie I. George (St. John's University, Jamaica, New York)
Intelligence and intentionality
summary: This article explores the difficulties of approaching the problem of intelligence independently of any intentional consideration. To do so, I first examine three classical interpretations of the concept of the mental in order to show their main shortcomings. goal . Secondly, I argue how an adequate phenomenological analysis of perception is an optimal means of understanding the intentional property. Thirdly and finally, I present some interpretative clues about the existence of information in Nature. All this serves to offer, at summary, a better proposal of basic criteria for the recognition of intelligent beings.
Author: Luis E. Echarte
summaryThis article examines some problems related to the notion of emergence when trying to explain the mind with it. Some paradoxes of this notion are also shown and a certain return to Aristotelianism is proposed in order to face these problems. The difficulty of establishing the limits between Philosophy and science is mentioned, as well as the connection of this problem with those related to emergence.
Author: Santiago Collado González
Evolution, between science, reason and faith
Author: Juan Luis Lorda
summary: Interdisciplinary approach from Philosophy and neuroscience.
Author: José Ángel Lombo and José Manuel Giménez Amaya
Mind and brain in contemporary neuroscience.
An approach to their interdisciplinary study
summary: The impressive development of neuroscience in recent decades has highlighted its need to turn to multidisciplinarity to address the challenges it faces. Among these challenges are those that relate to questions that are decisive for the understanding of man. This article argues that in order to address them effectively, cooperation between the sciences needs to be extended beyond the realm of experimental disciplines. As an illustration of this thesis , after an introduction on the importance of Neuroscience in our times, one of the most relevant aspects for the understanding of the role played by the brain in human life and behaviour is addressed: the problem of consciousness. The exhibition is structured by pointing out the framework in which this problem is posed, and then summarising how Neuroscience and Philosophy have dealt with it. Finally, some suggestions are presented for the fruitful development of an interdisciplinary study that allows each of the sciences involved to make its own contribution.
Author: José M. Giménez-Amaya and José I. Murillo
summaryThe present article is a update of the status quaestionissof the origin of the human being in the light of the data of the most recent anthropological and genetic research. It reviews the latest contributions of science and the current state of the research, as well as a philosophical reading of the data in the light of the catholic doctrine on the origin of man.
Author: Rubén Herce
Neuroscience and freedom. An interdisciplinary approach
summary: For many neuroscientists and philosophers of mind, the phenomenon of freedom can be fully explained by neuroscience. This work attempts to show that a careful study of the status and perspectives of Neuroscience reveals the extent to which this thesis is problematic.
Author: José M. Giménez-Amaya and José I. Murillo
Scientific creativity and human singularity
summaryInformation sciences have contributed to clarify the meaning of models in scientific research, and this, in its turn, has made it easier to understand in which sense we can speak about scientific truth. Using stipulations we reach a contextual and partial, but also authentical scientific truth. And our creativity allows us to handle theoretical constructs and experimental devices in such a way that we can grasp how nature really is. As the alleged disconnections and even oppositions between science and theology depend in a great extent from the way of understanding scientific truth, the epistemological analysis of the relationships between creativity and truth may help us to advance towards a unifying perspective of knowledge in which, although the differences among science and theology are carefully respected, it is also possible to understand their mutual harmony and complementarity.
Author: Mariano Artigas
On the origin of human intelligence
summaryThe brain as an organ of understanding, Can we know scientifically how human intelligence arose, Darwin or Wallace?
Author: Carlos A. Marmelada
summaryStudy of the possibility of rational extraterrestrial life in the context of Catholic doctrine: the problems raised concern above all the unique origin of the human race, its salvation by Christ and the possibility of another Incarnation to redeem this other world.
Author: Marie I. George (St. John's University, New York)