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Front page of the Judgment of Tudela Cathedral

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Satan enthroned

On the right-hand side we find the figure of Satan on a voussoir, directing the infernal life. Seated on a throne, he gives orders to a devil at his side. The idea of a Prince of Hell is a constant in all literature on hell, whether in classical, Christian or Muslim writings. Moreover, this representation of Satan giving orders is a copy of the celestial hierarchy, since the infernal figures were presented as an antithesis, an inverted reflection of the established. This was probably an imposing figure, as shown by the claws at the end of his crossed legs (a symbol of power and rulers in the Middle Ages average), although we can only imagine it due to the destruction of the upper part of his body, probably intentional, as has happened with many diabolical images throughout history.

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Satan enthroned
Photo: Carlos Martínez Álava

aula_abierta_itinerarios_1_bibliografia

ARAGONÉS ESTELLA, E., "El mal imaginado por el gótico", Príncipe de Viana, nº63, (2002), pp. 7-81.

GARCÍA GAÍNZA, C. et alii, Catálogo Monumental de Navarra, I, Merindad de Tudela, Pamplona, Institución Príncipe de Viana, 1980.

LANCE, J., "Le portail du Jugement de Santa María La Mayor de Tudela", Cahiers de Civilisation Médiévale, 45, 2002, pp.255-274.

MARIÑO LÓPEZ, B., "Iudas mercator pessimus. Mercaderes y peregrinos en la imaginería medieval", conference proceedings del VI congress Español de Historia del Arte: los caminos y el arte, vol. II, Santiago de Compostela, 1989, pp. 31-43.

MARIÑO LÓPEZ, B., "Sicut in terra et in inferno: la portada del Juicio en Santa María de Tudela", file español de Arte, nº67, (1989), pp. 157-168.

MELERO MONEO, M.L., "Aproximación a la iconografía del 4º Jinete del Apocalipsis", Lambard, nº2 (1981-1983), Barcelona 1986, pp.125-128.

MELERO MONEO M.L., Escultura románica y del primer gótico de Tudela, Centro Cultural Castel Ruiz, Tudela, 1997.

MELERO MONEO, M.L., "Los textos musulmanes y la Puerta del Juicio de Tudela", conference proceedings del V congress español de historia del Arte, (Barcelona 1984), vol. I, Barcelona, 1986, pp. 203-217.

MELERO MONEO, M.L., "Recherches sur l'iconographie des métiers à Tudela", Cahiers de Civilisation Médiévale, nº 30, (1987), pp. 71-76.

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