Amagoia Ezenarro Muruamendiaraz, , Nurse of the Preventive Medicine Unit (Clínica Universidad de Navarra) and associate professor of the School Nursing (University of Navarra)
Nurses should be involved in the design of protocols for diseases such as Ebola.
On October 29, the World Summit "Nursing in the face of the Ebola Virus" closed in Madrid. More than 50 experts representing nurses from Europe, the United States and Africa met behind closed doors.
Among them, delegates from associations such as committee International Nurses, which brings together 140 countries and 16 million nurses; the European Nurses Federation, which brings together 6 million nurses from 34 countries; Public Services International, which includes more than 20 million workers from 148 countries; committee General de Enfermería de España, the Nursing Union (SATSE), the Union of Auxiliary Nursing Care Technicians (SAE) and Médecins Sans Frontières, among others.
The goal of the summit was to gather the testimonies of nurses who have faced cases of Ebola in Africa to share their experiences in caring for these patients and to put forward proposals to improve their care. As result, they presented the 'Madrid Declaration' with proposals at both national and international levels.
This brief document points out that "evidence shows that nurses perform 95% of direct actions with patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD)" and, arguably, also of direct actions with patients affected by any other contagious disease. Therefore, from agreement with what C in the summit, it is essential that the protocols of action are also developed by the nursing staff . Since we are the ones who spend the most time with patients affected by an infectious disease, perform most of the interventions in their care and attend to them in any isolation subject , being part of the configuration of these protocols would provide better quality and greater safety for both patients and the nurses who care for them.
Although this deficiency may exist in the current protocols, the social alarm that has been generated around this disease in Spain seems to me disproportionate, although the problem in Africa is terrible. Much of this alarm is due to some media, I suppose. The lack of a correct political management , probably also.
Today we know that Ebola is not easily transmitted. It is far less contagious than seasonal influenza. We know how it is transmitted and, therefore, we know how we have to protect ourselves if we are faced with a confirmed or suspected case of the disease. The current protocols already indicate the isolation subject that would correspond in this case, which is "Drops and contact", indicating the subject of Personal Protective Equipment to be worn; the same as for other types of infectious diseases. They also indicate the subject of measures to be implemented, which have been defined for a long time, except for some characteristic of the Ebola virus such as taking into account the sweat within the body fluids, an element that at other times does not matter.
In Navarra we have an action protocol adapted to that of the Navarra Public and Labor Health high school which, in turn, is based on that of the Ministry of Health. This protocol indicates that in all health centers of the community the patient must be isolated in a separate room equipped with a telephone, with restricted access and the door must be kept closed. In addition, the patient must be provided with a surgical mask and, unless strictly necessary, no medical action (auscultation, collection of biological samples, etc.) should be performed. The next step is to call 112 and SOS Navarra will immediately inform the Communicable Diseases Section of the Navarra Public and Labor Health high school , for transfer to the center of reference letter, which is the Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra A.