The human, social and economic dimensions of environmental problems have made certain issues, such as biodiversity loss and climate change - the week being celebrated from June 6 to 12 - a top priority worldwide.

From the methodological point of view, addressing climate change requires the introduction of integral management approaches involving strategic productive sectors and economic prediction models, with inter-sectoral coordination mechanisms and inter-territorial and international cooperation at final . At present, the threats that most alarmingly affect biological diversity - such as changes in land use, climate change, relative sea level change, ecosystem fragmentation or the introduction of invasive exotic species into the environment - are closely linked to global change processes and, in many cases, acquire the dimension of major planetary problems.

Climate change has been identified as one of the main global challenges, along with other challenges such as the use and availability of fresh water at all levels, ocean acidification, interference with the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles, stratospheric ozone depletion, pollution Chemistry and the effect of aerosols in the atmosphere, which affect the biosphere at final . In this sense, the United Nations Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), framework , defines climate change as "the change of climate attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and that is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods". Therefore, we must differentiate between climate change attributable to human activities that alter atmospheric composition and climate variability attributable to natural causes.

Warming in the climate system is unequivocal. Since the 1950s many of the observed changes have been unprecedented in recent decades. The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, snow and ice volumes have decreased, sea levels have risen, and concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide have increased.

Observed climate change is forcing a review of reforestation policies, because forests help mitigate these changes by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and converting it, through photosynthesis, into carbon that is stored in the form of wood and vegetation, acting as atmospheric 'carbon fixers'. It should be noted that the carbon in trees accounts for about 20 percent of their weight. In addition to trees, forest biomass as a whole also functions as a 'carbon sink'. For example, the organic subject on the forest floor - such as the humus produced by the decomposition of dead plant subject - also acts as a carbon sink.

Consequently, forests store enormous amounts of carbon. However, reforestation proposals must be scientifically analyzed in order to adapt them to the different climate change scenarios, seeking the most suitable species, adaptable to climate and soil conditions, in order to achieve forest masses that reduce carbon dioxide levels and its greenhouse effect, in accordance with the agreements of the lecture International Conference on Climate Change (COP21), held in Paris last December. As agreed there, it is necessary to "keep the global temperature increase average below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit this temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change". The whole of society - accompanied by the centers of research, universities and the Administration - must work together if this unavoidable goal is to be achieved.